The theme of the labyrinth in the literature
Question: "What different types of mazes mentioned here? Explain "
" The Castle "by F. Kafka," Time Use "Mr. Butor and" Invisible Cities "I. Calvino.
texts to be studied:
Clip 1:" The Castle "by Franz Kafka
K., the enigmatic figure reduced to its original, arrives in a village just as strange, he asked about the way to the castle. It is theoretically exercise his function surveyor.
K. had half recovered, had passed his hand over his hair, and watched his men looked up. He said:
- In what village did I lost? Is there then a castle here?
- Yes, "said the young man slowly, and some farmers shook their heads, the Castle of Count westwest.
- You must have an authorization to spend the night? asked K. as if trying to convince himself that he had not dreamed what he had said.
- You must have a permit, "he was answered, and the young man, extending his arm, inquired as to mock K., the landlord and customers:
- AT unless it can do without it?
- Well, I'll go and get one, "said K. yawning, and he threw the blanket to get up.
- Yes? And to whom?
- From the Count, "said K., I'm left with nothing else to do.
- Now! At midnight! Fetch the authorization count? cried the young man retreated a step.
- is impossible? asked calmly K. So why did you awake?
The young man took from its hinges.
- What ways vagabond! he cried. I demand respect to the authority of the counts! I've woken up to tell you to have to leave on the spot of the field count.
- This is a comedy that has gone on long enough, "said K. in a voice surprisingly low, lying down again and bringing the blanket under his chin. You're going a bit far, young man, and we'll talk tomorrow. The innkeeper, and these gentlemen will witness, but if I need witnesses. Meanwhile I warn you that I am the surveyor that the Count has come. My aides will arrive tomorrow in the car with the devices. I did not want to deprive me of a walk in the snow, but I'm more Once my path so I am ...
Extract 2: "time use" of Michel Butor.
The narrator-character uses it settles for a time n in a city church where he continues to lose. Streets, inhabitants, foreign languages ...: everything becomes complicated.
I asked the controller:
"For the Cathedral, please?
- The best is to go down to White Street. "He had jouté
other phrases, put it back I was almost deaf and dumb he could not help but let it show, by a discrete frown, surprise that had caused my pronunciation, and his words fast, liquid, had slipped on my ears, without my being able to seize them.
I stopped at the name, White Street, having made a believer cons sense, they were almost the same name another street, because in the coarse representation and misleading than when I was in the city , iron near Matthews and Sons seemed an absurd detour, and I have not had time to do it again, because he walked away already shaken by the jolting, distributing tickets to other passengers behind me. I quote myself to face it: now we were driving in Tower Street, we arrived at the crossroads, the insurance company the "Vigilante", the door j'percevais Matthews & Sons with the number sixty-two, and Controller I cried, his hand on the railing of the stairs he had already half down:
"White Street, Mr. White Street. "
I returned to my starting point of noon.
Clip 3: "Invisible Cities" by Italo Calvino
In Invisible Cities, Calvino, Italian novelist describes a series of imaginary cities as ideal as disconcerting. A
smeraldina, aquatic city, a network of canals and a network of streets overlap and intersect. To get from one place to another, you always have the choice between an earthly journey and the journey by boat: and as to smeraldina the shortest route from one point to another is not a straight line but a zigzag winding branched variants, the votes available to passers are not just two, there are many, and they increase again if we rotate boat ride and shift to dry up. And the tedium of travel on each When the same streets he is spared the inhabitants of smeraldina.
Correction:
Franz Kafka: the maze in the castle or the castle in the labyrinth?
Roman castle
The Castle (Das Schloss in German) is a novel by Franz Kafka. Unfinished, the book was published posthumously in 1926 at the initiative of Max Brod, friend of the author.
The story follows the adventures of K., who struggles to make contact with the authorities of the village where he has just arrived, to formalize its status as a surveyor. But the "castle" where resident staff remains inaccessible.
Dark and surreal, Castle addresses the alienation of the individual against a bureaucracy that has cut off contact with the population. Today considered one of the greatest novels of the twentieth century, the work should have been destroyed, like all novels of Kafka, according to the will of the author, but Max Brod refused.
The narrator, K., arrives in a village ruled by a castle. Cutting a path through the snow, he succeeds to the hostel, where he presents himself as the new land, called by the authorities of the castle. [4] During the first conflict with a man named Schwarzer who refuses to believe in this function, and phone to the castle to ensure the veracity of his statements, there seems to be a misunderstanding. After an initial failed attempt to get to the castle, K. back to the hostel and made the acquaintance of his assistants, two young men particularly reckless and impertinent, and Barnabas, messenger of the castle, [5] who gave him a letter from Klamm, a representative of the castle. (K. learns that his contact with the authorities is an appointed official Klamm.)
Following a misunderstanding, K. goes to the hostel and gentlemen met Frieda, an employee who says "lady" of Klamm [6]. Yet the two characters fall in love and spend the night together.
Types maze
The impotence of the subject to enter the castle is the theme of another novel Das Schloß (published 1926) by Franz Kafka. With this novel, the German writer implements the castle as open to interpretation that we know. The building is completely inaccessible. Despite attempts by K. to join, it will be nothing else that the effort to gain recognition, and thus to be interpreted 'by the authorities who reside there.
Very many interpretations have been given of this novel. Some are in the castle as a metaphor for the state and the administration - its distance and rigidity - and others more metaphysical, are inaccessible in this castle a representation of paradise, the character being in a kind purgatory. The bureaucratic maze of the castle can also show the hopeless confusion present in every human being. Kafka shows us here a certain absurdity the world at the same time it highlights the power and arbitrary authority, we plunge into the anguish of an administration impenetrable to infinite ramifications, complex and all-powerful, which requires no steps end, and use the lives of those who approach it with "if" and "business", as in The Trial. K. is the symbol of human impotence to understand and act. His ambition falls increasingly below: he wants access to the castle fails, he tries to see Klamm, then just to see his secretary, he uses it to unstable relationships (Frieda, Barnabas family, the innkeeper, Bürgel) but he never understands the rules and still has a shot behind. It is interesting to note how Kafka emphasizes the multiplicity of interpretations. The same narration often forces us to reconsider long passages and to consider a completely different angle, so that one loses all sense of what it means truth, and we do not know if K. is handled or if handled, or if his case is not moving forward, etc.. Thus, after moving to the school, accusing Frieda K. of neglect, and of having used it to achieve its purposes and access to Klamm. The player must then reread the story their meeting and the entire course of K. in light of this speech, which was blown by Frieda hotel. Similarly, when K. Pepi meeting of gentlemen at the inn, she tries to explain to him that Frieda is a manipulative woman who is ugly in fact, but charm everyone with its apparent power, as a friend of Klamm, and its relations to the point that it lends a false beauty. It would have served as K., who did not see it coming, to revive its declining prestige by scandal. Here too, the version of Pepi also seems plausible that the story prompted us to take as true through the eyes of K. We could almost speak of a principle of indeterminacy before the letter in The Castle: several explanatory systems can coexist as they consider the situation from an angle or another. K. itself is ambiguous someone, which you do not know of any interiority. The village, it is equally impenetrable, and its rules as its inhabitants are surrounded by darkness: everyone calculates and speculates, but nobody knows anything finally. The rout of K. makes us lose all sense reference and drowned: there is no truth about the castle, nobody really knows at the bottom (many rumors, some facts) and there has no possible solution to the case of K..
Wikipedia articles, two articles cited
The Castle (novel)
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Ch% C3% A2teau_ (novel)
Attribution - Share Terms Alike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.fr
Time Use, bittern: types and interpretations of the labyrinth
The schedule includes Butor as The most explicit and most comprehensive issues of the labyrinth: One has the use of plans and maps, allusions to the fact of getting lost in the city, explicit references to the mythology of the labyrinth (Theseus).
At the source of these projections, of course there is the identification with Theseus (interesting: the meeting of the mythology of Theseus is the day that J. Revel will regularize his identity to police Bleston). But we must emphasize that if J. Revel identifies with Theseus, because it is related to Ariadne and Phaedra. In other words, because J. Revel can tell his love to one or other
However, the maze is the most obvious one being built by the narrator J. Revel in which the character loses J. Revel, and with it the reader: in fact it is expected that the maze but connoting space in the timetable, it was instead a reference to another kind of labyrinth, that based on the time, the temporal depth.
What dominates is the confusion and deception. Indeed, beyond the idea of a labyrinth of streets Bleston, we have the idea of a maze of relationships. Fog and rain in the streets of Bleston hide the inhabitants of the city he discovered and that's when the confusion more paroxysmal appears.
Neo-realism and a new novel.
The schedule is a novel that is written against the novels, it breaks the traditional novel than the novel that Balzac is a model for Butor
Staging of the novel: The problem
Revel could be formulated as: how to get out of images, how to access real? This is of course the writing that will allow it to escape the clichés of
reading the novel's title implies so insistent is the time that takes place in the most urgent work the novelist.
The schedule superimposed three time series: time of the drama that leads to crimes:
- the burning of the card.
- the accident at Burton.
- this writing, and his recent past.
Interpretation, type labyrinth
reconstitute his schedule, but how to render the complexity of real human relationships, integrating the work of time, which highlights a certain thickness. There is therefore a possible interpretation of existential tragic time in humans.
"Invisible Cities" I. Calvino.
Types maze
The figure of the labyrinth often appears in literature, literary works that take the maze theme, or they themselves adopt a labyrinthine structure.
t is useless to seek in this work the description of known cities. The exoticism that presided over the making of "Invisible Cities" was not faithful to any actual geography whatsoever. Their names are amazing, strange, sometimes original pseudo-orientale, Zaire (Tamara), sometimes Latinized (Octavia Leonie), sometimes Greek (Foedora, Phyllida), sometimes mythological (Leander, Berenice), sometimes borrowed from the commedia del arte (Clarice, Smeraldina). One notices the abundance of female names. But there are names not provided with other connotations, such as Zaire or Procope, or evoke abstract concepts: Euphemia, Eudoxia, Eutopia. This onomastic is made to exalt the imagination and nurture meditation.
The strangeness of cities emerges as the diversity of styles and points of view adopted in each of these fifty-five short texts that are "Little Prose Poems" where I'imagination unfolds freely, all that can be seen as an exercise in style.
... If, I'image of''Wonderland''book of Marco Polo,''Invisible Cities''is a narrative of travel, while the text of the Venetian merchant described the cities listed in real space, imaginary cities , fabulous, mysterious, Calvino's Marco Polo seem that being able to dream world. Their descriptions are accurate and Baroque time. Their space-time coordinates are not fixed and they are not detectable on a map, their access is indicated that elliptically: "Leaving here and going three days eastward (''Diomi'') - [the man who rides a long time] through wild lands" (''Isadora'') -
As the dialogue between Marco Polo and Kublai Khan, a relationship develops. The Emperor arrived at this point in life where the emperors, after the pride of having conquered territories of boundless extent, they feel a sense of emptiness. Nostalgic but animated by a desire for clarification, he needs travel stories of Marco Polo to know the extent of his empire, but also to combat the inevitable decay of its conquered cities. The story would address so that nothing can stop time. It requires an effort to Marco Polo all, would, by knowledge, achieve true mastery of his vast empire: "The day I will know all the emblems, he asked to Marco Polo, will I finally have my empire? "But the Venetian wrong:" Sire, do not believe this: that day thou shalt thyself emblem among emblems. "He discovered in his stories rather something that transcends its temporal and earthly empire, he discerns, "through walls and towers destined to crumble, the trace of a pattern so subtle it could escape the termites gnawing.
For his part, Marco Polo is far from scrupulously describe these cities. It rather makes the feelings he experienced during his visits. He said the perception of a city changes depending on voyages that occur after the first visit. And, with these descriptions, it gives especially comforting fables, as noted by Kublai Khan. He invented these cities for purposes of redemption: "I collect the ashes of other possible cities that are disappearing to make way, cities that can never be rebuilt or recorded in the memory. "
In 1985, Calvino was also stated:" If''Invisible Cities''remains one of my books where I think I said more things, because I able to concentrate in a single symbol all my thoughts, all my experiences, all my speculation. "
By showing that any city is conceivable, even crazier, even the most monstrous, he wanted to first demonstrate that he fears inspired the cities of the twentieth century. Evoking an urban imaginary, he rejected the real planning, and especially the absence of any planning in some modern cities. Already Marcovaldo alone in the city right in August, saw take shape another town, where stone, trees, some unexpected animal resumed an independent life. He expressed his nostalgia for ideal cities planned by the architects of the Renaissance, whose fixtures are finding still in the development of Italian cities. There was rapid urbanization with rural-urban migration that was complementary to the greatest revolution ever known the Pénisule the twentieth century.
other hand, he was worried before the inevitable proliferation of megacities, the reader is gradually leads to the middle of a contemporary megalopolis almost cover the planet. "I think I wrote something like an ultimate love poem dedicated to cities, when it becomes increasingly difficult to live as cities. Perhaps we are approaching a moment of crisis of urban life and''Invisible Cities''is a dream that begins in the heart of the cities unlivable. "-" The cities are being transformed into one city in a city where you lose uninterrupted differences that once characterized each. This idea, which runs the length of my book''The Invisible Cities,''comes the way of life that is now that many of us ... "
can still be seen in''Invisible Cities''an allegory of the company, any company
Items listed
Invisible Cities
"The citta invisibili"
(1972)
''Invisible Cities''
(1974)
www.comptoirlitteraire.com
Andre Durand has
Italo Calvino
Answer bin:
Calvino Calvino "If on a winter's night a traveler"
http://corrigesdubacfrancais.blogspot.com/2010/10/si-par-une-nuit-dhiver-un-voyageur. html
The incipit of the change in Butor Michel Butor
, modification
http://corrigesdubacfrancais.blogspot.com/2010/10/la-modification-1957-michel-butor.html
Question: "What different types of mazes mentioned here? Explain "
" The Castle "by F. Kafka," Time Use "Mr. Butor and" Invisible Cities "I. Calvino.
texts to be studied:
Clip 1:" The Castle "by Franz Kafka
K., the enigmatic figure reduced to its original, arrives in a village just as strange, he asked about the way to the castle. It is theoretically exercise his function surveyor.
K. had half recovered, had passed his hand over his hair, and watched his men looked up. He said:
- In what village did I lost? Is there then a castle here?
- Yes, "said the young man slowly, and some farmers shook their heads, the Castle of Count westwest.
- You must have an authorization to spend the night? asked K. as if trying to convince himself that he had not dreamed what he had said.
- You must have a permit, "he was answered, and the young man, extending his arm, inquired as to mock K., the landlord and customers:
- AT unless it can do without it?
- Well, I'll go and get one, "said K. yawning, and he threw the blanket to get up.
- Yes? And to whom?
- From the Count, "said K., I'm left with nothing else to do.
- Now! At midnight! Fetch the authorization count? cried the young man retreated a step.
- is impossible? asked calmly K. So why did you awake?
The young man took from its hinges.
- What ways vagabond! he cried. I demand respect to the authority of the counts! I've woken up to tell you to have to leave on the spot of the field count.
- This is a comedy that has gone on long enough, "said K. in a voice surprisingly low, lying down again and bringing the blanket under his chin. You're going a bit far, young man, and we'll talk tomorrow. The innkeeper, and these gentlemen will witness, but if I need witnesses. Meanwhile I warn you that I am the surveyor that the Count has come. My aides will arrive tomorrow in the car with the devices. I did not want to deprive me of a walk in the snow, but I'm more Once my path so I am ...
Extract 2: "time use" of Michel Butor.
The narrator-character uses it settles for a time n in a city church where he continues to lose. Streets, inhabitants, foreign languages ...: everything becomes complicated.
I asked the controller:
"For the Cathedral, please?
- The best is to go down to White Street. "He had jouté
other phrases, put it back I was almost deaf and dumb he could not help but let it show, by a discrete frown, surprise that had caused my pronunciation, and his words fast, liquid, had slipped on my ears, without my being able to seize them.
I stopped at the name, White Street, having made a believer cons sense, they were almost the same name another street, because in the coarse representation and misleading than when I was in the city , iron near Matthews and Sons seemed an absurd detour, and I have not had time to do it again, because he walked away already shaken by the jolting, distributing tickets to other passengers behind me. I quote myself to face it: now we were driving in Tower Street, we arrived at the crossroads, the insurance company the "Vigilante", the door j'percevais Matthews & Sons with the number sixty-two, and Controller I cried, his hand on the railing of the stairs he had already half down:
"White Street, Mr. White Street. "
I returned to my starting point of noon.
Clip 3: "Invisible Cities" by Italo Calvino
In Invisible Cities, Calvino, Italian novelist describes a series of imaginary cities as ideal as disconcerting. A
smeraldina, aquatic city, a network of canals and a network of streets overlap and intersect. To get from one place to another, you always have the choice between an earthly journey and the journey by boat: and as to smeraldina the shortest route from one point to another is not a straight line but a zigzag winding branched variants, the votes available to passers are not just two, there are many, and they increase again if we rotate boat ride and shift to dry up. And the tedium of travel on each When the same streets he is spared the inhabitants of smeraldina.
Correction:
Franz Kafka: the maze in the castle or the castle in the labyrinth?
Roman castle
The Castle (Das Schloss in German) is a novel by Franz Kafka. Unfinished, the book was published posthumously in 1926 at the initiative of Max Brod, friend of the author.
The story follows the adventures of K., who struggles to make contact with the authorities of the village where he has just arrived, to formalize its status as a surveyor. But the "castle" where resident staff remains inaccessible.
Dark and surreal, Castle addresses the alienation of the individual against a bureaucracy that has cut off contact with the population. Today considered one of the greatest novels of the twentieth century, the work should have been destroyed, like all novels of Kafka, according to the will of the author, but Max Brod refused.
The narrator, K., arrives in a village ruled by a castle. Cutting a path through the snow, he succeeds to the hostel, where he presents himself as the new land, called by the authorities of the castle. [4] During the first conflict with a man named Schwarzer who refuses to believe in this function, and phone to the castle to ensure the veracity of his statements, there seems to be a misunderstanding. After an initial failed attempt to get to the castle, K. back to the hostel and made the acquaintance of his assistants, two young men particularly reckless and impertinent, and Barnabas, messenger of the castle, [5] who gave him a letter from Klamm, a representative of the castle. (K. learns that his contact with the authorities is an appointed official Klamm.)
Following a misunderstanding, K. goes to the hostel and gentlemen met Frieda, an employee who says "lady" of Klamm [6]. Yet the two characters fall in love and spend the night together.
Types maze
The impotence of the subject to enter the castle is the theme of another novel Das Schloß (published 1926) by Franz Kafka. With this novel, the German writer implements the castle as open to interpretation that we know. The building is completely inaccessible. Despite attempts by K. to join, it will be nothing else that the effort to gain recognition, and thus to be interpreted 'by the authorities who reside there.
Very many interpretations have been given of this novel. Some are in the castle as a metaphor for the state and the administration - its distance and rigidity - and others more metaphysical, are inaccessible in this castle a representation of paradise, the character being in a kind purgatory. The bureaucratic maze of the castle can also show the hopeless confusion present in every human being. Kafka shows us here a certain absurdity the world at the same time it highlights the power and arbitrary authority, we plunge into the anguish of an administration impenetrable to infinite ramifications, complex and all-powerful, which requires no steps end, and use the lives of those who approach it with "if" and "business", as in The Trial. K. is the symbol of human impotence to understand and act. His ambition falls increasingly below: he wants access to the castle fails, he tries to see Klamm, then just to see his secretary, he uses it to unstable relationships (Frieda, Barnabas family, the innkeeper, Bürgel) but he never understands the rules and still has a shot behind. It is interesting to note how Kafka emphasizes the multiplicity of interpretations. The same narration often forces us to reconsider long passages and to consider a completely different angle, so that one loses all sense of what it means truth, and we do not know if K. is handled or if handled, or if his case is not moving forward, etc.. Thus, after moving to the school, accusing Frieda K. of neglect, and of having used it to achieve its purposes and access to Klamm. The player must then reread the story their meeting and the entire course of K. in light of this speech, which was blown by Frieda hotel. Similarly, when K. Pepi meeting of gentlemen at the inn, she tries to explain to him that Frieda is a manipulative woman who is ugly in fact, but charm everyone with its apparent power, as a friend of Klamm, and its relations to the point that it lends a false beauty. It would have served as K., who did not see it coming, to revive its declining prestige by scandal. Here too, the version of Pepi also seems plausible that the story prompted us to take as true through the eyes of K. We could almost speak of a principle of indeterminacy before the letter in The Castle: several explanatory systems can coexist as they consider the situation from an angle or another. K. itself is ambiguous someone, which you do not know of any interiority. The village, it is equally impenetrable, and its rules as its inhabitants are surrounded by darkness: everyone calculates and speculates, but nobody knows anything finally. The rout of K. makes us lose all sense reference and drowned: there is no truth about the castle, nobody really knows at the bottom (many rumors, some facts) and there has no possible solution to the case of K..
Wikipedia articles, two articles cited
The Castle (novel)
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Ch% C3% A2teau_ (novel)
Attribution - Share Terms Alike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.fr
Time Use, bittern: types and interpretations of the labyrinth
The schedule includes Butor as The most explicit and most comprehensive issues of the labyrinth: One has the use of plans and maps, allusions to the fact of getting lost in the city, explicit references to the mythology of the labyrinth (Theseus).
At the source of these projections, of course there is the identification with Theseus (interesting: the meeting of the mythology of Theseus is the day that J. Revel will regularize his identity to police Bleston). But we must emphasize that if J. Revel identifies with Theseus, because it is related to Ariadne and Phaedra. In other words, because J. Revel can tell his love to one or other
However, the maze is the most obvious one being built by the narrator J. Revel in which the character loses J. Revel, and with it the reader: in fact it is expected that the maze but connoting space in the timetable, it was instead a reference to another kind of labyrinth, that based on the time, the temporal depth.
What dominates is the confusion and deception. Indeed, beyond the idea of a labyrinth of streets Bleston, we have the idea of a maze of relationships. Fog and rain in the streets of Bleston hide the inhabitants of the city he discovered and that's when the confusion more paroxysmal appears.
Neo-realism and a new novel.
The schedule is a novel that is written against the novels, it breaks the traditional novel than the novel that Balzac is a model for Butor
Staging of the novel: The problem
Revel could be formulated as: how to get out of images, how to access real? This is of course the writing that will allow it to escape the clichés of
reading the novel's title implies so insistent is the time that takes place in the most urgent work the novelist.
The schedule superimposed three time series: time of the drama that leads to crimes:
- the burning of the card.
- the accident at Burton.
- this writing, and his recent past.
Interpretation, type labyrinth
reconstitute his schedule, but how to render the complexity of real human relationships, integrating the work of time, which highlights a certain thickness. There is therefore a possible interpretation of existential tragic time in humans.
"Invisible Cities" I. Calvino.
Types maze
The figure of the labyrinth often appears in literature, literary works that take the maze theme, or they themselves adopt a labyrinthine structure.
t is useless to seek in this work the description of known cities. The exoticism that presided over the making of "Invisible Cities" was not faithful to any actual geography whatsoever. Their names are amazing, strange, sometimes original pseudo-orientale, Zaire (Tamara), sometimes Latinized (Octavia Leonie), sometimes Greek (Foedora, Phyllida), sometimes mythological (Leander, Berenice), sometimes borrowed from the commedia del arte (Clarice, Smeraldina). One notices the abundance of female names. But there are names not provided with other connotations, such as Zaire or Procope, or evoke abstract concepts: Euphemia, Eudoxia, Eutopia. This onomastic is made to exalt the imagination and nurture meditation.
The strangeness of cities emerges as the diversity of styles and points of view adopted in each of these fifty-five short texts that are "Little Prose Poems" where I'imagination unfolds freely, all that can be seen as an exercise in style.
... If, I'image of''Wonderland''book of Marco Polo,''Invisible Cities''is a narrative of travel, while the text of the Venetian merchant described the cities listed in real space, imaginary cities , fabulous, mysterious, Calvino's Marco Polo seem that being able to dream world. Their descriptions are accurate and Baroque time. Their space-time coordinates are not fixed and they are not detectable on a map, their access is indicated that elliptically: "Leaving here and going three days eastward (''Diomi'') - [the man who rides a long time] through wild lands" (''Isadora'') -
As the dialogue between Marco Polo and Kublai Khan, a relationship develops. The Emperor arrived at this point in life where the emperors, after the pride of having conquered territories of boundless extent, they feel a sense of emptiness. Nostalgic but animated by a desire for clarification, he needs travel stories of Marco Polo to know the extent of his empire, but also to combat the inevitable decay of its conquered cities. The story would address so that nothing can stop time. It requires an effort to Marco Polo all, would, by knowledge, achieve true mastery of his vast empire: "The day I will know all the emblems, he asked to Marco Polo, will I finally have my empire? "But the Venetian wrong:" Sire, do not believe this: that day thou shalt thyself emblem among emblems. "He discovered in his stories rather something that transcends its temporal and earthly empire, he discerns, "through walls and towers destined to crumble, the trace of a pattern so subtle it could escape the termites gnawing.
For his part, Marco Polo is far from scrupulously describe these cities. It rather makes the feelings he experienced during his visits. He said the perception of a city changes depending on voyages that occur after the first visit. And, with these descriptions, it gives especially comforting fables, as noted by Kublai Khan. He invented these cities for purposes of redemption: "I collect the ashes of other possible cities that are disappearing to make way, cities that can never be rebuilt or recorded in the memory. "
In 1985, Calvino was also stated:" If''Invisible Cities''remains one of my books where I think I said more things, because I able to concentrate in a single symbol all my thoughts, all my experiences, all my speculation. "
By showing that any city is conceivable, even crazier, even the most monstrous, he wanted to first demonstrate that he fears inspired the cities of the twentieth century. Evoking an urban imaginary, he rejected the real planning, and especially the absence of any planning in some modern cities. Already Marcovaldo alone in the city right in August, saw take shape another town, where stone, trees, some unexpected animal resumed an independent life. He expressed his nostalgia for ideal cities planned by the architects of the Renaissance, whose fixtures are finding still in the development of Italian cities. There was rapid urbanization with rural-urban migration that was complementary to the greatest revolution ever known the Pénisule the twentieth century.
other hand, he was worried before the inevitable proliferation of megacities, the reader is gradually leads to the middle of a contemporary megalopolis almost cover the planet. "I think I wrote something like an ultimate love poem dedicated to cities, when it becomes increasingly difficult to live as cities. Perhaps we are approaching a moment of crisis of urban life and''Invisible Cities''is a dream that begins in the heart of the cities unlivable. "-" The cities are being transformed into one city in a city where you lose uninterrupted differences that once characterized each. This idea, which runs the length of my book''The Invisible Cities,''comes the way of life that is now that many of us ... "
can still be seen in''Invisible Cities''an allegory of the company, any company
Items listed
Invisible Cities
"The citta invisibili"
(1972)
''Invisible Cities''
(1974)
www.comptoirlitteraire.com
Andre Durand has
Italo Calvino
Answer bin:
Calvino Calvino "If on a winter's night a traveler"
http://corrigesdubacfrancais.blogspot.com/2010/10/si-par-une-nuit-dhiver-un-voyageur. html
The incipit of the change in Butor Michel Butor
, modification
http://corrigesdubacfrancais.blogspot.com/2010/10/la-modification-1957-michel-butor.html
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